A whole range of sampling techniques that can be coupled to a GC are covered in detail on day 3, including theory, optimisation and applications. This includes thermal desorption (TD) & extraction; pyrolysis & online derivatisation; static & dynamic headspace (SHS & DHS); purge & trap; solid phase extraction techniques including solid-phase microextration (SPME), SPE & SBSE; liquid-liquid extraction techniques and other automated methods.