One of the most important scientific challenges for the future is the development of effective vaccines against chronic infections and the application of therapeutic vaccines for the treatment of noninfectious diseases, such as cancer, allergy, and autoimmune disorders. Recently, there has been an increased understanding of the immunological principles governing the immune response to infectious agents. This knowledge is now being applied to the design of new and better vaccines. This conference will provide a forum to evaluate recent nonclinical (preclinical) and clinical developments and technologies in this research area.